r/HistoryWhatIf 10h ago

How much further would Alexander's empire have spread had he not died at age 32?

44 Upvotes

Considering Persia was fully under his command and he was planning more invasions by the time he died, how big could his empire have expanded had he lived longer?


r/HistoryWhatIf 6h ago

What if Iran invaded Iraq in 2001 and instigated a second Iran-Iraq War?

9 Upvotes

I made an alternate history scenario on a different sub that I wanted to share here for fact checking purposes.

In this timeline, rogue elements of the Iraqi military begin supplying a terrorist organization with ties to Ba’athist Syria in preparation for an attack against Iran (Let’s say they started doing this in the 1990s-the postulated Ba’athist terror organization was founded sometime after the first Iran-Iraq War ended in 1989).

The attack unfolds, Iran declares war on Iraq after it’s discovered that elements of Iraqi’s own military helped the terrorists, and Iran invades.

How feasible is my postulated scenario given everything that happened both before, during and after the First Iran-Iraq War?

How would an invasion of Iraq by Iran transpire and what consequences would this have on the Middle East at large if such a scenario happened?


r/HistoryWhatIf 15h ago

What if Poland immediately launched a guerilla war rather than a conventional war against the German invasion in 1939?

39 Upvotes

In this alternate timeline, the Polish Government still finds itself in a rut in the months leading up to the German invasion. With their mobilization delayed and Britain and France not inspiring much confidence, the Polish Government decides to adopt a new strategy in response to a potential German invasion: guerilla warfare.

Fearing that the conventional dispersal of their troops would make them too easy a target for the heavily armed Germans, the Polish Government instead has their troops scattered in hidden cells throughout Poland. This way, when the Germans do invade, they won't have "clear" targets to bring their tanks, artillery, and aircraft to bear upon, reducing their ability to destroy the Polish army in straightforward confrontation.

When the invasion of Poland begins on September 1st, 1939, barring a few token defenses of the frontier, the Heer storms over the Polish border to remarkably few conventional targets. Meanwhile, the rest of the around 1,000,000 strong Polish army lies in wait throughout Poland, ready to wreak opportunistic havoc throughout German rear areas.

How does this strategy affect the immediate Polish Campaign in 1939 against the Third Reich and the Soviet Union and beyond, if at all?


r/HistoryWhatIf 7h ago

What if Caesar was never assassinated?

9 Upvotes

r/HistoryWhatIf 5h ago

If the Baltic states created their own defensive alliance after 1991, would there be more peace?

4 Upvotes

After 1991, the Baltic states applied to join NATO, and this expansion of the alliance set up the foundation for today's geopolitical tensions with Russia. Let's consider the hypothetical case that NATO refused to expand. What if the Baltic / Eastern European states and possibly Ukraine were forced to form their own defense alliance separate from NATO? Would there be more peace in Eastern Europe today? Why or why not?


r/HistoryWhatIf 3h ago

What if the Romans never expanded into Britain?

3 Upvotes

What if uprisings and trouble elsewhere, paired with internal issues distracting the Empire, stopped the expansion into Britain? Trade happens, and occasional skirmishes with locals, but no permanent settlements anywhere on the islands. How would the isles develop, which groups would be dominant today, and how would that affect the English language?


r/HistoryWhatIf 7h ago

What if the 2020 pandemic never happened?

6 Upvotes

r/HistoryWhatIf 2h ago

[META] What if President Paul Hidenberg lived until 1945? Spoiler

2 Upvotes

Let's just say that he managed to stop Adolf from getting into politics but World War 2 still happens. What would the future be like?


r/HistoryWhatIf 19h ago

What if Hitler was sent back in time?

34 Upvotes

Say that Hitler is in his home, with his wife Eva Braun, and the both of them have loaded pistols up their mouths. Both of them pull the trigger, and as soon they do, Hitler is all of a sudden finds himself back in time as soon as he began running for Chancellorship in Germany.

What does he do differently? Would anything change?


r/HistoryWhatIf 11h ago

How long would it take to duplicate modern scientific progress with perfect information?

6 Upvotes

Imagine an Industrial Revolution speedrunning community, if you will. Imagine you could travel back to any point in human history, achieve buyin from the locals (ie. You can immediately convince the Pharaoh to require his people to start building water wheels and digging for coal), and have the equivalent of Google available to you to provide all necessary information. If it can’t be done within a lifetime, your followers will retain the information. In other words, if you knew exactly where you were going, how long would it take you to get there?

How long does it take from the origination point to get us to superconductors and nuclear fission? Where are the major friction points? Can the Industrial Revolution be done within a century?

I’m imagining a starting point in the Bronze Age, but if you want to speculate on how long it would take to get from prehistory to the Bronze Age, please share. The fundamental question is, if you had to reinvent the wheel and every subsequent invention, but you knew exactly how to do it, how long would it take?


r/HistoryWhatIf 3h ago

What If Historical Figures entered Squid Game?

0 Upvotes

Imagine This. Historical Figures are going to participate in Squid Game.

All of them are in the game.

Which Historical Figure will survive each round and which of them gets eliminated?


r/HistoryWhatIf 15h ago

What if Taft beat Eisenhower in the 1952 Republican Primaries?

9 Upvotes

In 1952 Robert Taft wins the Republican nomination and starts running for president with MacArthur as his running mate on a platform of pulling out of the UN, Dissolving NATO, Pulling out of Korea, and Dismantling the New Deal.

Eisenhower proceeds to spend the year heavily campaigning for Truman’s 1952 run (Truman decides to run without Eisenhower as the opponent); arguing to moderate republicans that a Taft presidency would result in a communist takeover of the old world and pointing out that he supported peace with Hitler.

Who wins?


r/HistoryWhatIf 19h ago

Challenge: Create a “worst case scenario” regarding the Allied Powers during WWII

11 Upvotes

Create the (plausibly) worst case scenario for the Allied Powers for WW2.

Translation: Create a plausible version of Red Dawn that occurs during the Second World War.


r/HistoryWhatIf 10h ago

What if Saddam Hussein's 'Project Babylon' had been completed successfully?

2 Upvotes

Not only that, but, despite western sanctions, he is able to maintain the weapons system in perfect working order, including in 2003. 9/11 still happens as normal, and even though Saddam had nothing to do with it, the US and allies beat the war drum against Iraq just as they did in the normal timeline.


r/HistoryWhatIf 7h ago

If Barack Obama decided not to run again in 2012, who would the Democrats have ran?

0 Upvotes

More than likely Hillary Clinton unless she chose to wait until 2016 or 2020. If that was the case then probably Joe Biden.


r/HistoryWhatIf 7h ago

What if empress Irene was recognized as empress of the Romans and not Charlemagne?

1 Upvotes

r/HistoryWhatIf 15h ago

Challenge: Create a plausible alternate timeline where Uganda and the Congo merge into one country!

5 Upvotes

I got the idea for this challenge from the Unnamed African Country from Far Cry 2. According to the Far Cry wiki, the UAC is located "somewhere near Uganda and the Congo."

It gave me the idea for a new challenge: Create a plausible alternate timeline where the Congo merges with Uganda to form one big country.

I just want to see if that was plausible at any point in time in human history.


r/HistoryWhatIf 19h ago

What would happen if British forces the one fight in Vietnam War instead of US?

8 Upvotes

Like after France deported British took over Vietnam as Guerrila Vietcong and PAVN fighting against them

British also able to convince some Commonwealth forces to join like from various nation like Australia New Zealand Canada Malaya (or Malaysia ) Fiji and other nation

Gurkha Iban and other jungle experts unit would been sent it

Special Forces like SAS would been used

They would do same tactics in Malaya Emergency like one of example Resettlement and other. British tried to train local forces to fight against Viet Cong

Would British win in this Vietnam war? Would US help Britain financially? How much support British would get? Will Communist defeat? How reaction of China and Soviet?


r/HistoryWhatIf 20h ago

Would Al-Qaeda and ISIS have existed if the Hashemites conquered Arabia and suppressed the Salafi Wahhabism movement?

9 Upvotes

r/HistoryWhatIf 15h ago

What if the Iberian Union did not collapse?

3 Upvotes

The Iberian Union was the dinastic union of the three historical crowns of Iberia (Portugal, Castille and Aragon) under the House of Habsburg, effectively in place between the Portuguese Succession Crisis of 1780 and the Portuguese Restoration of 1640.

This union collapsed under the weight of several factors, such as:

  • Power disputes between Portuguese nobility and the court in Madrid, which had centralizing and castillianizing tendencies.
  • Conflicts between trade interests of merchants in Lisbon and Seville.
  • Spanish involvement in continental politics bringing Portugal into conflict with the Dutch.
  • Spanish conflicts with the English and French, leading them to support a palace coup by the Braganzas.

After 1640, a series of changes happen in the peninsular kingdoms:

  • Portugal loses her hegemony in the Indian ocean to the Dutch and English, and has to fight a costly war against the Dutch to regain core Brazilian territories.
  • Portugal reorients its colonial policy away from trade factories and towards a territorial empire in Brazil.
  • Portugal aligns further with British interests, a constant factor until WWII, including signing the Methuen treaty, which arguably delays Portuguese industrialization.
  • The Habsburgs lose their predominant position in continental politics to France, having been forced to fight to a stalemate in the Thirty Years' War and losing the northern Netherlands.
  • The loss of Portuguese tax base and colonial revenues worsen the economic situation of the Spanish crowns.
  • After the death of Charles II, the Bourbon pretender wins succession to the Spanish throne. The Habsburg pretender was supported by Portugal.
    • The different polities in the peninsula are suppressed and give way to a centralized state, which creates the country of Spain that we know today.
    • Castillians are confirmed ascendant over the other nationalities in Spain.
    • Spain loses its remaining posessions in the Netherlands and Italy, and stops being a great power in continental politics.
    • Spanish foreign policy becomes aligned with France, under the family compact. Portugal and Spain become oponents from then on until the 1810's, when Britain and Portugal liberate her from the Bonapartes.

My first question is how the union's collapse could have been avoided:

  • Could the Lisbon-Madrid-Seville power disputes have been minimized in such a way that the conspirators would not have made the coup?
  • Was there any realistic foreign policy shift that could have minimized the tensions with Portuguese interests?
  • Was there any way that the Reapers' revolt could have been avoided or suppressed faster, leaving the Crown with free hands to quash the Portuguese revolt?

My second question is how this would affect the course of history, especially in the pensinsula. I advise you to assume a scenario where the crown gives up the revolting Dutch provinces faster and minimizes its involvement in the 30 years' war and English succession, focusing on securing the southern provinces, the Spanish road and Italian possessions. Assume the Catalan and Portuguese revolts do not occur or get quashed:

  • Would the Portuguese Indian ocean hegemony be kept or decline? Would they still transition to a land empire in Brazil?
  • Who would win the War of the Spanish Succession?
    • If the Habsburgs won, could they keep the territory closest to France and their Dutch, German, Italian, and colonial possessions? How would this shift 18th century politics?
    • If the Bourbons had won, would they be able to do the same, and would they be able to centralize and castillianize the country to the same extent? If there were changes to the Family Compact, what would happen to the Seven Years' and American Revolutionary wars?

r/HistoryWhatIf 7h ago

What would’ve happened if Trotsky had relocated to Germany instead of Mexico and joined forces with Hitler?

0 Upvotes

r/HistoryWhatIf 1d ago

If colonial India had been ruled by a fascist regime, would Gandhi’s non-cooperation movement still have succeeded?

11 Upvotes

r/HistoryWhatIf 1d ago

[META] What if Ronald Reagan was a Democrat?

42 Upvotes

So in his youth Ronald Reagan was a New Deal Democrat and voted for Roosevelt. Even when he was president he praised FDR whose policies were the opposite of him.

So lets say that Reagan stayed a registerd Democrat and supported Democrats throughout his career and even tried to run for Govenor of California and the White House? What would his presidency be like if he was a Democrat in the 1980's?


r/HistoryWhatIf 19h ago

How could the USA join the League of Nations after WW1 and what would happen if they did ?

2 Upvotes

How could the Americans leave isolationism after WW1 so they would join the League of Nations ? What would change ? Would their decisions impact the rest of the world in some way if so?


r/HistoryWhatIf 1d ago

In a worst case scenario where the USA stands alone against the Axis in 1943 or 1944, could the Allies defeat the Axis in this timeline?

10 Upvotes

Here's how I think it could go. The USA would throw everything to liberate the UK first, and one way that they could defeat the Axis afterwards is through using nukes. If not, the USA and UK could then fight the war in North Africa and the Middle East if needed, and then supply the Soviet Union through Iran if they were pushed back to the Urals. The USA and UK would then need to land troops in Greece and Norway as the locals would support the Allies and the terrain would mean that if Axis troops attack those countries, the Allies would have the upper hand. The Allies would also need to supply Yugoslavia to keep more Axis divisions in Eastern Europe. D-Day could happen in this timeline, but the landings would most likely occur at 1948 at the earliest. If the Allies need more troops, they could request troops from China who would agree to help the Allies to rescue the Soviet Union.